Scarcity

Note: I will separate each posts into an easy part and a hard part, indicated by a line. 

"For abundance, even of good things, prevents them from being valued; and scarcity, even in the case of what is bad, confers a certain value." 
Don Quixote, Part II, The author's preface

The easy definition: There's never enough things on this planet. For example, the less gold there is in the world, the higher price it will be, and vice versa. This is an important concept of Economics. In Economicese, Scarcity refers to the lack/decline of the Factors of Production
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Humans are most attracted to things that are rare or unique.

The nerd definition: Scarcity differs greatly from people to people, from nations to nations. Some people might lack soap, others might lack water. Well, water can be used as a substitute for soap. Anyways, this isn't a problem that only poor countries experience. Rich countries, Japan for example, while having an abundant amount of technological advance as well as wacky people, severely lack in natural resources.

Rational thoughts is one of the bog three principles to economics, the other two being Rational Behaviors and Marginalism.

Also, Japanese people are said to be over fishing.